The latest data in value investing shows mid‑cap manufacturing companies trading at a discount to net asset value by over 20%. Analysts expect earnings recovery in Q3 2024 as supply chains normalize, enhancing intrinsic value outlook. Earnings per share have contracted by 15.7% annually over the last two years, a headwind for returns as stock prices often echo long-term EPS performance “The existence of overvaluation can never be proved,” he said, “and there’s no reason to think the conditions I discuss in Calculus of Value imply there’ll be a correction anytime soon.” Insurance sector P/E ratios remain below 11, marking them as undervalued for value investing portfolios. CME futures indicate modest premium growth trends, making this segment a core option for investors seeking inflation‑resistant income streams.